Resumen La estratificación socioeconómica clasifica a las personas o grupos de personas dentro de una sociedad. Si bien la estratificación social es una característica universal de las sociedades humanas, el criterio considerado para clasificar a los individuos no es único y se distinguen algunos enfoques metodológicos. En este artículo, construimos un indicador de estratificación socioeconómica para Ecuador a través de un Análisis de Componentes Principales no Lineales utilizando datos del Censo de 2010. Esta metodología permite la incorporación de variables numéricas, categóricas y relaciones no lineales. Los principales resultados sugieren que los hogares ubicados en el área urbana presentan mejores condiciones y mayor acceso a los servicios básicos. Además, la educación afecta positivamente las condiciones sociales y económicas tanto de las personas como de los hogares. A la luz de estos resultados, la política pública debe apuntar a la educación y a la inversión pública para la provisión de servicios básicos en las zonas rurales.

Abstract Socio-economic stratification classifies people or groups of people within a society. Although social stratification is a universal characteristic of human societies, the criteria considered to classify individuals is not unique and some methodological approaches are distinguished. In this article, we build an indicator of socioeconomic stratification for Ecuador through a Nonlinear Principal Components Analysis using data from the 2010 Census. This methodology allows the incorporation of numerical and categorical variables, and nonlinear relationships. The main results suggest that the households located in the urban area show better conditions and greater access to basic services. Also, education positively affects social and economic conditions of both individuals and the households. In light of these results, public policy should target education and public investment in the provision of basic services in rural areas.

RESUMO O artigo a seguir aborda o tema de transnacionalismo no território estadunidense de Porto Rico. Como uma colônia espanhola antes de virar território dos EUA, Porto Rico oferece um campo rico para o estudo de identidades fluidas. Embora a literatura transnacionalista tenha tipicamente focado em descrever contextos de "fronteiras" cruzadas ou culturas em um sentido geopolítico (cf. KRAMSCH e WHITESIDE, 2008; LI E ZHU, 2013), os porto-riquenhos foram frequentemente excluídos dos discursos transnacionalistas da América Latina devido ao seu status único como cidadãos americanos. Através deste artigo, pretendo fornecer uma explicação ideológica das vozes e identidades complexas que compõem as práticas linguísticas do transnacionalismo porto-riquenho. Adoto o argumento de Jorge Duany (2003) em relação ao transnacionalismo porto-riquenho com base em um sentimento de "nacionalismo cultural", como evidenciado nas práticas culturais e lingüísticas de uma migrante porto-riquenho. As práticas lingüísticas e as construções de identidade desse migrante são observadas em relação à socio-sexualidade de Michael Silverstein (2003). Unir esse quadro a uma metodologia etnográfica permite identificar as formas dinâmicas pelas quais uma identidade transnacional se constroi, em tempo real e com detalhes.

ABSTRACT The following paper addresses the topic of transnationalism in U.S. territory Puerto Rico. As a previous Spanish colony and current U.S. territory, Puerto Rico provides rich ground for the study of fluid identities. While transnationalist literature has typically focused on describing contexts of crossed "borders" or cultures in a geo-political sense (cf. KRAMSCH and WHITESIDE, 2008; LI AND ZHU, 2013), Puerto Ricans have often been excluded from transnationalist discourses of Latin American communities due to their unique status as U.S. citizens. Through this article I aim to provide an ideological account of the complex voices and identities that make up the language practices of the Puerto Rican transnational. I adopt Jorge Duany's (2003) argument for Puerto Rican transnationalism on the basis of a shared sense of "cultural nationalism" as evidenced in the cultural and linguistic practices of a Puerto Rican returnee migrant. This migrant's linguistic practices and identity constructions are observed in relation to Michael Silverstein's (2003) socioindexicality. Coupling this frame with an ethnographic methodology allows the dynamic ways in which a transnational identity is constructed to become apparent, in real-time and in illuminated detail

Objetivo: Describir la calidad metodológica de los ensayos clínicos de periodoncia en revistas indexadas en el Institute for Scientific Information. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo en el que se evaluaron los ensayos clínicos publicados entre Enero de 2008 y Diciembre de 2012, de las cuatro revistas de periodoncia indexadas a ISI, con mayor factor de impacto en los últimos 5 años según Journal Citation Reports. Se realizó una estrategia de búsqueda en PubMed para cada revista. Sólo los ensayos clínicos fueron seleccionados para el análisis cualitativo por medio de una escala de calidad metodológica. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS Statistics 20 para Windows (IBM., Chicago, USA.) y presentados mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: De las revistas que cumplieron los criterios de selección, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, Journal of Periodontology, Journal of Periodontal Research e International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry, se analizaron 387 ensayos clínicos. De los 24 puntos máximos obtenibles de la escala, la media alcanzada por los manuscritos evaluados fue de 17,45 puntos. Conclusión: La calidad metódológica de los ensayos clínicos en periodoncia, indexados en revistas ISI, fue deficiente.

Abstract Objective: To describe the methodological quality of periodontal clinical trials in journals indexed by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Materials and methods: Descriptive observational study in which the clinical trials published in four ISI-indexed periodontics journals between January 2008 and December 2012 were evaluated. The journals were selected as they had had the highest impact factor in the last 5 years according to the Journal Citation Reports. For each journal, papers were searched for in PubMed. Only clinical trials were selected to conduct the qualitative analysis using a methodological quality scale. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS Statistics 20 for Windows (IBM, Chicago, USA), and the data were presented through descriptive statistics. Results: The following journals fulfilled the selection criteria: Journal of Clinical Periodontology, Journal of Periodontology, Journal of Periodontal Research and International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry. From these journals, 387 clinical trials were analyzed. Of the maximum of 24 points in the scale, the mean reached was 17.45 points. Conclusion: The methodological quality of periodontal clinical trials indexed in ISI is deficient